Umehluko phakathi kwama-asynchronous kanye nama-synchronous motors

1. Umgomo wokusebenza:
Isimiso sokusebenza se-asynchronous motor sisekelwe kumgomo wokusebenza we-induction motor. Lapho i-rotor ye-asynchronous motor ithintwa inkambu kazibuthe ejikelezayo, i-current induced ikhiqizwa ku-induction motor, ekhiqiza i-torque, okwenza i-rotor iqale ukujikeleza. Lokhu kwamanje okubangelwayo kubangelwa ukunyakaza okuhlobene phakathi kwe-rotor nendawo yamagnetic ejikelezayo. Ngakho-ke, ijubane le-rotor le-asynchronous motor lizohlala liphansi kancane kunejubane lensimu yamagnetic ejikelezayo, yingakho ibizwa ngokuthi "i-asynchronous" motor.
Isimiso sokusebenza se-synchronous motor sisekelwe kumgomo wokusebenza we-synchronous motor. Isivinini se-rotor se-synchronous motor sivunyelaniswe ncamashi nejubane lensimu kazibuthe ezungezayo, yingakho igama elithi "synchronous" motor. Ama-synchronous motors akhiqiza inkambu kazibuthe ezungezayo ngokusebenzisa amandla akhona ashintshanayo avunyelaniswe namandla angaphandle, ukuze i-rotor ikwazi futhi ukuzungezisa ngokuvumelanisa. Amamotho avumelanayo ngokuvamile adinga amadivaysi angaphandle ukuze agcine i-rotor ivunyelaniswe nenkundla kazibuthe ezungezayo, njengamaza enkambu noma omazibuthe baphakade.

2. Izici zesakhiwo:
Isakhiwo se-asynchronous motor silula futhi ngokuvamile siqukethe i-stator ne-rotor. Kunamawindi amathathu ku-stator agudluzwa ngogesi ngamadigri angu-120 ukusuka kwelinye ukuze akhiqize inkambu kazibuthe ezungezayo ngokusebenzisa amandla ashintshayo. Ku-rotor ngokuvamile kunesakhiwo esilula somqhubi wethusi esenza insimu yamagnetic ejikelezayo futhi ikhiqize i-torque.
Isakhiwo se-synchronous motor siyinkimbinkimbi, ngokuvamile ihlanganisa i-stator, i-rotor kanye nesistimu yokuvusa. Uhlelo lwe-excitation lungaba umthombo wamandla we-DC noma uzibuthe unomphela, osetshenziselwa ukukhiqiza insimu yamagnetic ejikelezayo. Kukhona futhi ngokuvamile ama-windings ku-rotor ukuthola insimu kazibuthe ekhiqizwa uhlelo lokuvusa futhi ikhiqize i-torque.

3. Izimpawu zesivinini:
Njengoba ijubane le-rotor le-asynchronous motor lihlala liphansi kancane kunejubane lensimu yamagnetic ejikelezayo, ijubane layo liyashintsha ngosayizi womthwalo. Ngaphansi komthwalo olinganiselwe, isivinini sayo sizoba ngaphansi kancane kunesivinini esilinganiselwe.
Ijubane le-rotor le-synchronous motor livumelaniswa ngokuphelele nejubane lensimu yamagnetic ejikelezayo, ngakho-ke ijubane layo lihlala njalo futhi alithintwa usayizi womthwalo. Lokhu kunikeza ama-synchronous motors inzuzo ezinhlelweni lapho kudingeka khona ukulawula isivinini okunembile.

4. Indlela yokulawula:
Njengoba isivinini se-asynchronous motor sithintwa umthwalo, imishini yokulawula eyengeziwe ngokuvamile iyadingeka ukuze kuzuzwe ukulawulwa kwesivinini okunembile. Izindlela zokulawula ezijwayelekile zifaka ukulawulwa kwesivinini sokuguqulwa kwemvamisa kanye nesiqalo esithambile.
Ama-synchronous motors anesivinini esingaguquki, ngakho ukulawula kulula. Ukulawula isivinini kungafinyelelwa ngokulungisa isasasa lokuvusa noma amandla kazibuthe kazibuthe ongunaphakade.

5. Izindawo zokufaka izicelo:
Ngenxa yesakhiwo sayo esilula, izindleko eziphansi, nokufaneleka kwezicelo zamandla aphezulu kanye ne-torque ephezulu, ama-asynchronous motors asetshenziswa kabanzi emikhakheni yezimboni, njengokukhiqiza amandla omoya, amaphampu, abalandeli, njll.
Ngenxa yejubane layo eliqhubekayo namandla okulawula anembile aqinile, ama-motor synchronous afaneleka izinhlelo zokusebenza ezidinga ukulawulwa kwejubane okunembile, njengamajeneretha, ama-compressor, amabhande okuthutha, njll. ezinhlelweni zamandla.

Ngokuvamile, ama-asynchronous motors nama-synchronous motors anomehluko osobala ezimisweni zabo zokusebenza, izici zesakhiwo, izici zejubane, izindlela zokulawula kanye nezinkambu zohlelo lokusebenza. Ukuqonda lo mehluko kungasiza ekukhetheni uhlobo lwemoto olufanele ukuhlangabezana nezidingo ezithile zobunjiniyela.

Umbhali: uSharon