I-Direct current (DC) kanye nama-alternating current (AC) motors yizinhlobo ezimbili ezivame ukusetshenziswa ezinjini zikagesi. Ngaphambi kokuxoxa ngomehluko phakathi kwalezi zinhlobo ezimbili, ake siqale siqonde ukuthi ziyini.
I-DC motor ingumshini kagesi ozungezayo ongaguqula amandla kagesi abe amandla emishini (rotation). Ingasetshenziswa futhi njengejeneretha eguqula amandla emishini (rotation) abe amandla kagesi (DC). Uma i-DC motor inikwa amandla amandla aqondile, idala insimu kazibuthe ku-stator yayo (ingxenye emile yenjini). Inkambu iheha futhi ixoshe ozibuthe ku-rotor (ingxenye ejikelezayo yenjini). Lokhu kubangela ukuthi i-rotor ijikeleze. Ukuze ugcine i-rotor ijikeleza ngokuqhubekayo, i-commutator, okuyi-switch kagesi ejikelezayo isebenzisa amandla kagesi kuma-windings. I-torgue ejikelezayo enganyakazi ikhiqizwa ngokuhlehlisa isiqondiso semisinga ekujikeni okujikelezayo kwesigamu ngasinye.
Amamotho e-DC anamandla okulawula isivinini sawo ngokunembile, okuyisidingo semishini yezimboni. Ama-DC motors ayakwazi ukuqala ngokushesha, ame futhi ahlehle. Lokhu kuyisici esibalulekile sokulawula ukusebenza kwemishini yokukhiqiza. Ngokulandelayo,Idatha ye-XBD-4070ingenye yamamotho ethu e-DC aziwa kakhulu.
Ngokufanayo ne-DC motor, i-rotor yamanje eshintshanayo (AC) ivala amandla kagesi abe amandla emishini (ukujikeleza). Ingasetshenziswa futhi njengejeneretha eguqula amandla emishini (ukuvota) abe amandla kagesi (AC).
Ikakhulukazi ama-AC motors ahlukaniswa ngezinhlobo ezimbili. I-synchronous motor kanye ne-asynchronous motor. Lesi sakamuva singase sibe isigaba esisodwa noma izigaba ezintathu. Enjinini ye-AC, kukhona indandatho yama-winding ethusi (enza i-stator), eklanyelwe ukukhiqiza inkambu kazibuthe ejikelezayo. Njengoba ama-windings enikwa amandla amandla kagesi e-AC, insimu kazibuthe, akhiqiza phakathi kwawo afaka i-current ku-rotor (ingxenye yokuphotha). Lokhu kwamanje okubangelwayo kukhiqiza insimu yayo kazibuthe, ephikisana namandla kazibuthe avela ku-stator. Ukuxhumana phakathi kwezinkambu ezimbili kubangela ukuthi i-rotor ijikeleze. Emotweni engavumelaniyo kunegebe phakathi kwalezo zivinini ezimbili. Izisetshenziswa zikagesi eziningi zasendlini zisebenzisa ama-AC motors ngoba ugesi ophuma ezindlini ungowe-alternating current (AC).
Umehluko phakathi kwe-DC ne-AC motor:
● Izinsiza zikagesi zihlukile. Ngenkathi ama-DC motors eqhutshwa amandla aqondile, ama-AC motors aqhutshwa ukushintshana kwamandla.
● Kumamotho e-AC, i-armature imile ngenkathi inkambu kazibuthe izungeza. Kumamotho e-DC i-armature iyazungeza kodwa amandla kazibuthe ahlala emile.
● Ama-DC motors angakwazi ukufeza ukulawulwa okubushelelezi kanye nokonga ngaphandle kwemishini eyengeziwe. Ukulawula isivinini kufinyelelwa ngokwandisa noma ukwehlisa i-voltage yokufaka. Amamotho e-AC avuselela ukusetshenziswa kwemishini yokuguqula imvamisa ukushintsha isivinini.
Izinzuzo zama-AC motors zifaka:
● Izimfuneko zamandla okuqalisa aphansi
● Ukulawula okungcono kokuqala amaleveli amanje kanye nokusheshisa
● Ukwenza ngokwezifiso okubanzi kwezidingo zokucushwa ezihlukene kanye nezidingo ezishintshayo zesivinini netorque
● Ukuqina okungcono nokuphila isikhathi eside
Izinzuzo zama-DC motors zifaka:
● Izidingo ezilula zokufakwa nokugcinwa kwazo
● Amandla okuqalisa aphezulu kanye netorque
● Izikhathi zokuphendula ezisheshayo zokuqalisa/ukumisa nokusheshisa
● Izinhlobonhlobo ezibanzi ngezidingo ezahlukene zamandla kagesi
Isibonelo, uma unefeni kagesi yasendlini, cishe isebenzisa injini ye-AC ngoba ixhumeka ngqo kumthombo wamandla we-AC wasekhaya, okwenza kube lula ukuyisebenzisa kanye nokunakekelwa okuphansi. Izimoto zikagesi, ngakolunye uhlangothi, zingasebenzisa izinjini ze-DC ngoba zidinga ukulawula okunembile kwesivinini semoto kanye ne-torque ukuze zinikeze ulwazi lokushayela olubushelelezi kanye nokusheshisa okuhle.
Isikhathi sokuthumela: Apr-01-2024