Ama-motor kagesi aqondile (DC) kanye nama-motor ashintshanayo (AC) ayizinhlobo ezimbili zama-motor kagesi asetshenziswa kakhulu. Ngaphambi kokuxoxa ngomehluko phakathi kwalezi zinhlobo ezimbili, ake siqale siqonde ukuthi ziyini.
Imoto ye-DC ingumshini kagesi ojikelezayo ongaguqula amandla kagesi abe amandla kagesi (ukujikeleza). Ingasetshenziswa futhi njengejeneretha eguqula amandla kagesi (ukujikeleza) abe amandla kagesi (DC). Uma imoto ye-DC inikwe amandla kagesi aqondile, idala insimu yamagnetic ku-stator yayo (ingxenye engashintshi yemoto). Insimu idonsela futhi ixoshe omantshi ku-rotor (ingxenye ejikelezayo yemoto). Lokhu kubangela ukuthi i-rotor ijikeleze. Ukuze igcine i-rotor ijikeleza njalo, i-commutator, okuyi-switch kagesi ejikelezayo isebenzisa amandla kagesi kuma-windings. I-torgue ejikelezayo eqinile ikhiqizwa ngokuguqula isiqondiso se-currents ekujikelezweni okujikelezayo njalo ngesigamu.
Ama-motor e-DC anekhono lokulawula isivinini sawo ngokunembile, okuyinto edingekayo emishinini yezimboni. Ama-motor e-DC ayakwazi ukuqala, ukuma nokubuyela emuva ngokushesha. Lesi yisici esibalulekile sokulawula ukusebenza kwemishini yokukhiqiza. Njengalokhu okulandelayo,i-XBD-4070ingenye yezinjini zethu ze-DC ezidumile kakhulu.
Ngokufanayo nemoto ye-DC, i-rotor yamandla ashintshanayo (AC) imboza amandla kagesi abe amandla omshini (ukujikeleza). Ingasetshenziswa futhi njengejeneretha eguqula amandla omshini (ukuvota) abe amandla kagesi (AC).
Ngokuyinhloko ama-motor e-AC ahlukaniswe ngezinhlobo ezimbili. I-motor ehambisanayo kanye ne-motor engahambisani. Eyokugcina ingaba yisigaba esisodwa noma izigaba ezintathu. Ku-motor ye-AC, kunendandatho yama-windings ethusi (akha i-stator), aklanyelwe ukukhiqiza insimu yamagnetic ejikelezayo. Njengoba ama-windings enikwa amandla kagesi e-AC, insimu yamagnetic, akhiqiza phakathi kwawo ibangela ugesi ku-rotor (ingxenye ejikelezayo). Lo mshini wamandla obangela ugesi ukhiqiza insimu yawo yamandla okucindezela, ephikisana nensimu yamandla okucindezela evela ku-stator. Ukusebenzisana phakathi kwamasimu amabili kubangela ukuthi i-rotor ijikeleze. Ku-motor engahambisani nogesi kukhona igebe phakathi kwalawo majubane amabili. Amadivayisi amaningi kagesi asekhaya asebenzisa ama-motor e-AC ngoba ugesi ovela ezindlini ungugesi oshintshanayo (AC).
Umehluko phakathi kwe-DC kanye ne-AC motor:
● Amandla kagesi ahlukile. Nakuba ama-DC motors eqhutshwa ngogesi oqondile, ama-AC motors aqhutshwa ngogesi oshintshashintshayo.
● Kuma-motor e-AC, i-armature ayimi ndawonye kuyilapho insimu yamagnetic ijikeleza. Kuma-motor e-DC i-armature iyajikeleza kodwa amasimu amagnetic ahlala engami ndawonye.
● Ama-motor e-DC angafinyelela ukulawulwa okubushelelezi nokungabizi ngaphandle kwemishini eyengeziwe. Ukulawulwa kwesivinini kufezwa ngokwandisa noma ukunciphisa i-voltage yokufaka. Ama-motor e-AC aphinde asebenzise imishini yokuguqula imvamisa ukushintsha isivinini.
Izinzuzo zama-motor e-AC zifaka:
● Izidingo zamandla okuqala eziphansi
● Ukulawula okungcono kokuqala amazinga wamanje kanye nokusheshisa
● Ukwenza ngokwezifiso okubanzi kwezidingo ezahlukene zokucushwa kanye nezidingo zesivinini esishintshayo kanye ne-torque
● Ukuqina okungcono kanye nobude besikhathi
Izinzuzo zama-motor e-DC zifaka:
● Izidingo zokufakwa nokugcinwa okulula
● Amandla okuqala aphezulu kanye ne-torque
● Izikhathi zokuphendula ezisheshayo zokuqala/ukuyeka nokusheshisa
● Izinhlobo ezibanzi zezidingo ezahlukene ze-voltage
Isibonelo, uma unefeni kagesi yasekhaya, cishe isebenzisa injini ye-AC ngoba ixhuma ngqo emthonjeni wamandla we-AC wekhaya lakho, okwenza kube lula ukuyisebenzisa futhi ingabi nokugcinwa okuningi. Izimoto zikagesi, ngakolunye uhlangothi, zingasebenzisa ama-motor e-DC ngoba zidinga ukulawulwa okunembile kwejubane lenjini kanye ne-torque ukuze inikeze ulwazi lokushayela olubushelelezi kanye nokusheshisa okuhle.
Isikhathi sokuthunyelwe: Ephreli-01-2024