1. Izimbangela ze-EMC kanye nezinyathelo zokuzivikela
Kuma-motor angenamabhulashi asheshayo, izinkinga ze-EMC zivame ukuba yizinto ezigxilwe kakhulu futhi ezinzima kulo lonke iphrojekthi, futhi inqubo yokwenza ngcono i-EMC yonke ithatha isikhathi esiningi. Ngakho-ke, sidinga ukuqaphela ngokunembile izimbangela ze-EMC ezidlula indinganiso kanye nezindlela zokwenza ngcono ezifanele kuqala.
Ukulungiswa kwe-EMC kuqala kakhulu ngezindlela ezintathu:
- Thuthukisa umthombo wokuphazamiseka
Ekulawulweni kwama-motor angenamabhulashi asheshayo, umthombo obaluleke kakhulu wokuphazamiseka yi-drive circuit eyakhiwe ngamadivayisi okushintsha njenge-MOS ne-IGBT. Ngaphandle kokuthinta ukusebenza kwe-motor yesivinini esikhulu, ukunciphisa imvamisa yenkampani ye-MCU, ukunciphisa ijubane lokushintsha le-switching tube, nokukhetha i-switching tube enemingcele efanele kunganciphisa ngempumelelo ukuphazamiseka kwe-EMC.
- Ukunciphisa indlela yokuxhumanisa yomthombo wokuphazamiseka
Ukuthuthukisa umzila kanye nokuhlelwa kwe-PCBA kungathuthukisa ngempumelelo i-EMC, futhi ukuhlangana kwemigqa komunye nomunye kuzobangela ukuphazamiseka okukhulu. Ikakhulukazi emigqeni yesignali evame kakhulu, zama ukugwema ama-trace akha izihibe kanye nama-trace akha ama-antenna. Uma kudingeka kungandisa ungqimba lokuvikela ukuze kuncishiswe ukuhlangana.
- Izindlela zokuvimbela ukuphazamiseka
Okuvame ukusetshenziswa ekuthuthukiseni i-EMC izinhlobo ezahlukene zama-inductance nama-capacitor, futhi kukhethwa amapharamitha afanele okuphazamisa okuhlukene. I-Y capacitor kanye ne-common mode inductance zenzelwe ukuphazamiseka kwemodi evamile, kanti i-X capacitor iwukuphazamisa kwemodi ehlukile. Indandatho kamazibuthe ye-inductance iphinde ihlukaniswe ibe yindandatho kamazibuthe enemvamisa ephezulu kanye nendandatho kamazibuthe enemvamisa ephansi, futhi izinhlobo ezimbili zama-inductance zidinga ukungezwa ngesikhathi esisodwa lapho kudingeka.
2. Icala lokwenza ngcono i-EMC
Ekuthuthukisweni kwe-EMC kwenjini engenamabhulashi engu-100,000-rpm yenkampani yethu, nanka amaphuzu abalulekile engithemba ukuthi azoba usizo kuwo wonke umuntu.
Ukuze injini ifinyelele isivinini esiphezulu sokujikeleza okuyizinkulungwane eziyikhulu, imvamisa yokuqala yokuthwala isethwe ku-40KHZ, okuphindwe kabili kunezinye izinjini. Kulesi simo, ezinye izindlela zokwenza ngcono azikwazanga ukuthuthukisa i-EMC ngempumelelo. Imvamisa yehliswa ibe ngu-30KHZ futhi inani lezikhathi zokushintsha ze-MOS lehliswa ngo-1/3 ngaphambi kokuba kube nokuthuthuka okukhulu. Ngesikhathi esifanayo, kutholakale ukuthi i-Trr (isikhathi sokubuyisela emuva) ye-reverse diode ye-MOS inomthelela ku-EMC, futhi kukhethwe i-MOS enesikhathi sokubuyisela emuva esisheshayo. Idatha yokuhlola injengoba iboniswe esithombeni esingezansi. Umkhawulo ongu-500KHZ~1MHZ ukhuphuke cishe ngo-3dB futhi i-spike waveform isicaba:
Ngenxa yokwakheka okukhethekile kwe-PCBA, kunezintambo ezimbili zamandla ezinamandla aphezulu ezidinga ukuhlanganiswa neminye imigqa yesignali. Ngemva kokuba umugqa wamandla aphezulu ushintshiwe ube yi-pair ephikisiwe, ukuphazamiseka okuhlangene phakathi kwama-lead kuncane kakhulu. Idatha yokuhlola injengoba iboniswe esithombeni esingezansi, futhi imajini engu-24MHZ ikhuphuke cishe ngo-3dB:
Kulesi simo, kusetshenziswa ama-inductor amabili emodi evamile, enye yawo indandatho kazibuthe ephansi, ene-inductance engaba ngu-50mH, ethuthukisa kakhulu i-EMC ebangeni elingu-500KHZ~2MHZ. Enye indandatho kazibuthe evame kakhulu, ene-inductance engaba ngu-60uH, ethuthukisa kakhulu i-EMC ebangeni elingu-30MHZ~50MHZ.
Idatha yokuhlola yendandatho kamazibuthe ephansi iboniswa esithombeni esingezansi, futhi umkhawulo uwonke ukhushulwa ngo-2dB ebangeni eliphakathi kuka-300KHZ ~ 30MHZ:
Idatha yokuhlola yendandatho yamagnetic evame kakhulu iboniswa esithombeni esingezansi, futhi umkhawulo ukhushulwa ngaphezu kwe-10dB:
Ngiyethemba ukuthi wonke umuntu angabelana ngemibono futhi acabange ngokusebenza kahle kwe-EMC, futhi athole ikhambi elingcono kakhulu ekuhlolweni okuqhubekayo.
Isikhathi sokuthunyelwe: Juni-07-2023