Kunezinhlobo ezine ze-imoto yokwenza izinto ngokuzenzakalela yezimboniimithwalo:

1, Amandla ehhashi alungisekayo kanye ne-torque engaguquki: Amandla ehhashi aguquguqukayo kanye ne-torque engaguquki zifaka phakathi ama-conveyor, ama-crane kanye namaphampu egiya. Kulezi zinhlelo zokusebenza, i-torque ayiguquki ngoba umthwalo awuguquki. Amandla ehhashi adingekayo angahluka kuye ngohlelo lokusebenza, okwenza ama-AC kanye nama-DC motors asheshayo abe ukukhetha okuhle.

2, I-torque eguquguqukayo kanye namandla ehhashi angaguquki: Isibonelo se-torque eguquguqukayo kanye namandla ehhashi angaguquki yiphepha lokubuyisela emuva komshini. Ijubane lezinto lihlala lifana, okusho ukuthi amandla ehhashi awashintshi. Kodwa-ke, njengoba ububanzi bomqulu bukhula, umthwalo uyashintsha. Ezinhlelweni ezincane, lokhu kuyindlela enhle yokusebenzisaAma-motor e-DCnoma ama-servo motors. Amandla okuvuselela nawo ayinkinga futhi kufanele acatshangelwe lapho kunqunywa usayizi wemoto yezimboni noma kukhethwa indlela yokulawula amandla. Ama-motor e-AC anama-encoder, i-closed-loop control, kanye nama-full-quadrant drives angazuzisa izinhlelo ezinkulu.

3, amandla ehhashi alungisekayo kanye ne-torque: abalandeli, amaphampu e-centrifugal kanye nama-agitator adinga amandla ehhashi aguquguqukayo kanye ne-torque. Njengoba ijubane lenjini yezimboni landa, umkhiqizo womthwalo nawo uyanda ngamandla ehhashi adingekayo kanye ne-torque. Lezi zinhlobo zemithwalo yilapho ingxoxo yokusebenza kahle kwenjini iqala khona, lapho ama-inverters elayisha ama-AC motors esebenzisa ama-variable speed drive (VSDs).

4, ukulawula isikhundla noma ukulawula i-torque: Izinhlelo zokusebenza ezifana nama-linear drive, adinga ukunyakaza okuqondile ezindaweni eziningi, adinga ukulawula isikhundla esiqinile noma i-torque, futhi avame ukudinga impendulo ukuqinisekisa isikhundla esifanele semoto. Ama-motor e-Servo noma e-stepper ayisinqumo esingcono kakhulu kulezi zinhlelo zokusebenza, kodwa ama-motor e-DC anama-motor e-AC alayishwe ngempendulo noma nge-inverter anama-encoder avame ukusetshenziswa emigqeni yokukhiqiza yensimbi noma yephepha kanye nezinhlelo zokusebenza ezifanayo.

 

Izinhlobo ezahlukene zezimoto zezimboni

Nakuba kunezinhlobo ezingaphezu kuka-36 ze-Ama-motor e-AC/DCezisetshenziswa ezisetshenziswa ezimbonini. Nakuba kunezinhlobo eziningi zama-motor, kunokufana okukhulu ezisetshenziswa ezimbonini, futhi imakethe iye yaphokophela ukwenza lula ukukhethwa kwama-motor. Lokhu kunciphisa ukukhetha okusebenzayo kwama-motor ezisetshenziswa eziningi. Izinhlobo eziyisithupha zama-motor ezivame kakhulu, ezifanele iningi lezicelo, ama-motor e-DC angenamabhulashi nabhulashi, ama-motor e-AC squirrel cage nama-winding rotor, ama-motor e-servo nama-stepper. Lezi zinhlobo zama-motor zifanele iningi lezicelo, kanti ezinye izinhlobo zisetshenziselwa izinhlelo ezikhethekile kuphela.

 

Izinhlobo ezintathu eziyinhloko zeimoto yezimboniizinhlelo zokusebenza

Izicelo ezintathu eziyinhloko zama-motor ezimboni yijubane elingaguquki, isivinini esiguquguqukayo, kanye nokulawula isikhundla (noma i-torque). Izimo ezahlukene zokuzenzakalela kwezimboni zidinga izinhlelo zokusebenza nezinkinga ezahlukene kanye namasethi azo ezinkinga. Isibonelo, uma ijubane eliphezulu lingaphansi kwejubane lokubhekisela lemoto, kudingeka i-gearbox. Lokhu kuvumela futhi imoto encane ukuthi isebenze ngesivinini esisebenza kahle kakhulu. Ngenkathi kunolwazi oluningi ku-inthanethi mayelana nendlela yokunquma usayizi wemoto, kunezici eziningi abasebenzisi okumele bazicabangele ngoba kunemininingwane eminingi okufanele bayicabangele. Ukubala i-inertia yomthwalo, i-torque, kanye nesivinini kudinga umsebenzisi ukuthi aqonde amapharamitha afana nesisindo esiphelele nosayizi (irediyasi) yomthwalo, kanye nokungqubuzana, ukulahlekelwa yi-gearbox, kanye nomjikelezo womshini. Izinguquko emthwalweni, ijubane lokusheshisa noma ukwehla kwejubane, kanye nomjikelezo womsebenzi wokusetshenziswa kumele kucatshangelwe, ngaphandle kwalokho ama-motor ezimboni angashisa kakhulu. Ama-motor okungenisa i-AC ayisinqumo esidumile sezinhlelo zokusebenza zokujikeleza kwezimboni. Ngemuva kokukhetha nosayizi wohlobo lwemoto, abasebenzisi badinga futhi ukucabangela izici zemvelo kanye nezinhlobo zezindlu zezimoto, njengezinhlelo zokusebenza zokuwasha izindlu zensimbi engagqwali kanye nohlaka oluvulekile.

Indlela yokukhetha injini yezimboni

Izinkinga ezintathu eziyinhloko zeimoto yezimboniukukhetha

1. Izinhlelo zokusebenza zesivinini esingaguquki?

Ezisetshenzisweni zesivinini esingaguquki, injini ivame ukusebenza ngesivinini esifanayo ngaphandle kokucabangela okuncane noma okungenakho nhlobo ama-ramp okusheshisa kanye nokwehlisa isivinini. Lolu hlobo lwesicelo luvame ukusebenza kusetshenziswa izilawuli zokuvula/ukuvala ezigcwele. Isekethe yokulawula ivame ukuba ne-fuse yesekethe yegatsha ene-contactor, i-overload industrial motor starter, kanye ne-manual motor controller noma i-soft starter. Zombili izinjini ze-AC kanye ne-DC zifanelekela ukusetshenziswa kwesivinini esingaguquki. Izinjini ze-Dc zinikeza i-torque egcwele ngesivinini esingenalutho futhi zinesisekelo esikhulu sokufaka. Izinjini ze-Ac nazo ziyisinqumo esihle ngoba zinamandla aphezulu futhi azidingi ukulungiswa okuningi. Ngokuphambene nalokho, izici zokusebenza okuphezulu zemoto ye-servo noma ye-stepper zingabhekwa njengezidlulele kakhulu ekusetshenzisweni okulula.

2. Uhlelo lokusebenza lwesivinini esiguquguqukayo?

Izinhlelo zokusebenza zesivinini esiguquguqukayo zivame ukudinga ukushintshashintsha kwesivinini kanye nesivinini, kanye nezindlela zokusheshisa ezichaziwe kanye nezokusheshisa. Ezisetshenzisweni ezisebenzayo, ukunciphisa ijubane lama-motor ezimboni, njengamafeni namaphampu e-centrifugal, kuvame ukwenziwa ukuthuthukisa ukusebenza kahle ngokufanisa ukusetshenziswa kwamandla nomthwalo, kunokuba kusebenze ngesivinini esigcwele kanye nokugoqa noma ukucindezela umkhiqizo. Lokhu kubaluleke kakhulu ukucatshangelwa ekudluliseni izinhlelo zokusebenza ezifana nemigqa yamabhodlela. Ukuhlanganiswa kwama-motor e-AC kanye ne-VFDS kusetshenziswa kabanzi ukwandisa ukusebenza kahle futhi kusebenza kahle ezinhlotsheni ezahlukene zezinhlelo zokusebenza zesivinini esiguquguqukayo. Zombili ama-motor e-AC kanye ne-DC anama-drive afanele asebenza kahle ezinhlotsheni ezahlukene zesivinini esiguquguqukayo. Ama-motor e-Dc kanye nokucushwa kwama-drive sekuyisikhathi eside kuyisinqumo kuphela sama-motor esivinini esiguquguqukayo, futhi izingxenye zawo sezithuthukisiwe futhi zafakazelwa. Ngisho namanje, ama-motor e-DC adumile ezinhlotsheni eziguquguqukayo, ezinhlotsheni zamandla ehhashi futhi awusizo ezinhlotsheni eziphansi zesivinini ngoba anganikeza i-torque egcwele ngesivinini esiphansi kanye ne-torque engaguquki ezinhlotsheni ezahlukene zezimoto zezimboni. Kodwa-ke, ukugcinwa kwama-motor e-DC kuyinkinga okufanele icatshangelwe, njengoba amaningi adinga ukushintsha ngamabhulashi futhi aguge ngenxa yokuthintana nezingxenye ezihambayo. Ama-motor e-DC angenamabhulashi ayayiqeda le nkinga, kodwa abiza kakhulu ngaphambili futhi ububanzi bama-motor ezimboni atholakalayo buncane. Ukuguguleka kwebhulashi akuyona inkinga ngama-motor okungenisa i-AC, kuyilapho ama-drives e-variable frequency (VFDS) enikeza inketho ewusizo yezinhlelo zokusebenza ezingaphezu kwe-1 HP, njengezifeni kanye nokupompa, okungandisa ukusebenza kahle. Ukukhetha uhlobo lwedrayivu ukuze kusetshenziswe imoto yezimboni kungangeza ukuqwashisa ngesikhundla. I-encoder ingangezwa kumoto uma uhlelo lokusebenza luyidinga, futhi idrayivu ingacaciswa ukuthi isebenzise impendulo ye-encoder. Ngenxa yalokho, lokhu kusethwa kunganikeza isivinini esifana ne-servo.

3. Ingabe udinga ukulawula isikhundla?

Ukulawulwa kwesikhundla esiqinile kutholakala ngokuqinisekisa njalo indawo yemoto njengoba ihamba. Izinhlelo zokusebenza ezifana nokubeka ama-linear drive zingasebenzisa ama-stepper motors anempendulo noma angenayo noma ama-servo motors anempendulo engokwemvelo. I-stepper ihamba ngqo endaweni ethile ngesivinini esimaphakathi bese ibamba leyo ndawo. Uhlelo lwe-Open loop stepper lunikeza ukulawula kwesikhundla okunamandla uma kulinganiswa kahle. Uma kungekho impendulo, i-stepper izohambisa inani eliqondile lezinyathelo ngaphandle kokuthi ihlangabezane nokuphazamiseka komthwalo okungaphezu kwamandla ayo. Njengoba ijubane kanye nokuguquguquka kohlelo lokusebenza kukhuphuka, ukulawulwa kwe-open-loop stepper kungase kungahlangabezani nezidingo zesistimu, okudinga ukuthuthukiswa ohlelweni lwe-stepper noma lwe-servo motor olunempendulo. Uhlelo lwe-closed-loop lunikeza amaphrofayili okunyakaza anembile, anesivinini esikhulu kanye nokulawula kwesikhundla okunembile. Izinhlelo ze-Servo zinikeza ama-torque aphezulu kunama-stepper ngesivinini esiphezulu futhi zisebenza kangcono emithwalweni enamandla noma izinhlelo zokusebenza eziyinkimbinkimbi zokunyakaza. Ukuze kube nokunyakaza okuphezulu okune-overshoot ephansi, i-inertia yomthwalo eboniswayo kufanele ifane ne-inertia ye-servo motor ngangokunokwenzeka. Kwezinye izinhlelo zokusebenza, ukungalingani okufika ku-10:1 kwanele, kodwa ukufana okungu-1:1 kulungile. Ukunciphisa igiya kuyindlela enhle yokuxazulula inkinga yokungalingani kwe-inertia, ngoba i-inertia yomthwalo obonisiwe yehliswa yisikwele sesilinganiso sokudlulisa, kodwa i-inertia yegiya kufanele icatshangelwe ekubalweni.